{"id":1,"date":"2024-04-13T20:02:29","date_gmt":"2024-04-13T20:02:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sevilma.com\/?p=1"},"modified":"2024-08-29T21:52:11","modified_gmt":"2024-08-29T21:52:11","slug":"zeytin-yagi-ve-masali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/zeytin-yagi-ve-masali\/","title":{"rendered":"Zeytin, Ya\u011f\u0131 ve Masal\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"
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G\u00fcven Eken \/ Raziye \u0130\u00e7tepe Akyol<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bin y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fam\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131… Deliyken a\u015f\u0131lanan, sofraya ta\u015f\u0131nan zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131, ak\u0131ls\u0131zl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na direniyor. Magma, zeytinin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne az bilinen \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc, s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Masallardaki gibi iyi bitsin…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yolumu Akdeniz\u2019in bir yamac\u0131na ve hi\u00e7 yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir zaman\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Bir hakikat\u00e7iyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131m. Yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na gidip yamac\u0131na oturmak i\u00e7in destur istedim. Beni b\u00fct\u00fcn yapraklar\u0131yla kucaklad\u0131. Sonra g\u00f6vdesine yasland\u0131m. \u201cSor\u201d dedi. \u201cSana s\u00f6yleyeceklerim var.\u201d \u201cGidenler neden gider?\u201d dedim. Dedi: \u201cGeri d\u00f6nebilmek i\u00e7in.\u201d \u201cSen, \u00f6lmez a\u011fac\u0131, nas\u0131l oluyor da \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczs\u00fcn?\u201d Dedi: \u201cKendimden gitti\u011fim i\u00e7in. Damla damla, zerre zerre akt\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in. Kendim de\u011fil belki ama hik\u00e2yem \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Delice Zeytin<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBakmay\u0131n \u015fimdi b\u00f6yle a\u011f\u0131r ba\u015fl\u0131 durdu\u011funa. Zeytinin asl\u0131 bir deli o\u011flan. Kayan\u0131n dikenin aras\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fcr gider. O vakit ad\u0131 delicedir. A\u015f\u0131lan\u0131p meyveye durdu\u011funda sular durulmaya ba\u015flar ve zamanla i\u00e7inden bir hakikat\u00e7i \u00e7\u0131kar.\u201d A\u015f\u0131c\u0131 Bilal Amca \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc da\u011flardaki deliceleri a\u015f\u0131layarak ge\u00e7irmi\u015f. Delice gibi o da \u00e7ekirdekten yeti\u015fmi\u015f. \u201cZeytin rahat\u0131 sevmez. \u00c7etin yer ister. Bu y\u00fczden e\u015fi dostu \u00e7oktur. Mesela biz piynar deriz. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck palamut \u00e7al\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Yapraklar\u0131 dikenli oldu\u011fundan ke\u00e7i, koyun bunlara iyice yana\u015famaz. \u0130\u015fte delice bir tek piynar\u0131n i\u00e7inde boy verir, ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6\u011fe buradan uzat\u0131r. Delice b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp serpilene kadar piynar onu korur. Sonra biz gelir ke\u00e7ilerin yar\u0131m b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fi tamamlar\u0131z, delicenin etraf\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ar, \u00fczerine a\u015f\u0131 yapar\u0131z. A\u015f\u0131 tutmayag\u00f6rs\u00fcn. Bizim deli o\u011flan olur sana zeytin. \u015eimdikiler ceviz diker gibi zeytin dikiyor. \u00dcst\u00fcne bir de su veriyor. Fakat dikme zeytinin \u00f6mr\u00fc k\u0131sa olur. Deliceye, a\u015f\u0131 olana benzemez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 zamanla ne kadar uslansa da asl\u0131 hep delidir. Kendi yerini se\u00e7mek ister\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tamamen geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fcten Seferihisar Orhanl\u0131 K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019ndeki Do\u011fa Okulu, yava\u015f zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretim kriterleri belirlemi\u015f; bunlardan biri zeytinlerin elle toplanmas\u0131. Elde toplanan zeytinler kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Kendili\u011finden a\u011fac\u0131n dal\u0131nda olgunla\u015f\u0131p yenmeye haz\u0131r hale gelen zeytinlere hurma ad\u0131 verilir ve bunlar bir sonraki hasat d\u00f6nemine kadar yenmek \u00fczere evlerde \u015fi\u015felere bas\u0131l\u0131r. Ya\u011fl\u0131k ve k\u0131z\u0131l kuru olarak ayr\u0131lan zeytinlerse s\u0131k\u0131m i\u00e7in fabrikaya g\u00f6nderilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akdeniz makiliklerinde do\u011fal olarak yeti\u015fen delice, zeytinin anas\u0131, atas\u0131. Mat ye\u015fil renkli ve ince, uzun yapraklar\u0131yla di\u011fer makilerden hemen ayr\u0131l\u0131yor. Delice \u00e7ekirdekleri y\u00fcksek nemde \u00e7imlendikleri ve yapraklar\u0131 son derece narin oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00f6teki \u00e7al\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin aras\u0131ndan, en \u00e7ok da kermes me\u015fesi ad\u0131 da verilen piynar \u00e7al\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden filizleniyor. Deliceler zamanla evcille\u015ftirilerek daha iri taneli zeytin \u0131rklar\u0131 yeti\u015ftirilmi\u015f. Bu \u0131rklar delicelere a\u015f\u0131lanmak yoluyla yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve Ege\u2019nin de i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu Do\u011fu Akdeniz Havzas\u0131\u2019nda geni\u015f geleneksel zeytinlikler olu\u015fmu\u015f. Zeytinin ilk olarak on iki bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de evcille\u015ftirildi\u011fi tahmin ediliyor. Bu kadim zeytinlikler bug\u00fcn de h\u00e2l\u00e2 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. \u0130\u00e7lerinde koyun ve ke\u00e7i otlat\u0131l\u0131yor ve pek \u00e7ok bitkiyle hayvan t\u00fcr\u00fc ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Bu nedenle geleneksel zeytinlikler yaln\u0131zca kadim bir \u00fcretim havzas\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u00e7inde pek \u00e7ok canl\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir orman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yeni evlenmi\u015f G\u00fcls\u00fcm gelinin kurdu\u011fu sofraya bak\u0131yorum. Daha birka\u00e7 saat \u00f6nce Ege\u2019nin bereketli topraklar\u0131ndan toplanan bin bir \u00e7e\u015fit \u015fifal\u0131 otla yap\u0131lan bir yemek. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir koku \u015f\u00f6leni. G\u00fcls\u00fcm, \u201cYemek\u201d diyor, \u201cKendi ya\u011f\u0131yla pi\u015fer; tam ate\u015ften indirirken \u00fczerinde zeytinya\u011f\u0131 gezdir, ya\u011f\u0131n tad\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131nda dolans\u0131n.\u201d Zeytinya\u011f\u0131yla ilgili bilgiler Anadolu kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zl\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde binlerce y\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Yemekteki kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecine kadar zeytinya\u011f\u0131 uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 kad\u0131nlar serpmi\u015f. Bug\u00fcn Mu\u011fla Akyaka b\u00f6lgesindeki kad\u0131nlar zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 elde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Buna da el ya\u011f\u0131 derler. \u00d6nce zeytinler ala\u00e7ak\u0131r dedikleri yar\u0131 olgun, yar\u0131 ham haldeyken tek tek elle toplan\u0131r ve bir hafta bekletilir. Bekleyen zeytinler el dibe\u011finde havanla avu\u00e7 avu\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve hamur edilir. Bir hafta daha beklenir. Her \u015fey yava\u015f, her \u015fey sab\u0131rla… Ard\u0131ndan zeytin hamuru keselerin i\u00e7ine konur. Kese, oluklu ta\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerinde durmadan ovulur. Bir taraftan tas tas \u0131l\u0131k su d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ovduk\u00e7a keseden ya\u011f ile su \u00e7\u0131kar, kazanlara dolar. \u00dcste \u00e7\u0131kan ya\u011f ba\u015fka kaplara al\u0131n\u0131r ve bir gece uyutulur ki berrak olsun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u015fbask\u0131 Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zeytinin ya\u011f\u0131, tarih i\u00e7inde o kadar sevildi, o kadar yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131 ki el ya\u011flar\u0131 bir s\u00fcre sonra talebi kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece ya\u011f elde etmek i\u00e7in daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli i\u015flikler kuruldu, \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fit bask\u0131 ve s\u0131zd\u0131rma aletleri geli\u015ftirildi. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 i\u015fliklerinin \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi ve i\u00e7indeki aletler de\u011fi\u015fse de hepsi ayn\u0131 temel mant\u0131kla i\u015fliyordu. Zeytin, geleneksel bir i\u015fli\u011fe geldi\u011fi andan itibaren \u00fc\u00e7 ana a\u015famadan ge\u00e7er: Birinci a\u015fama bask\u0131, ikincisi s\u0131zd\u0131rma, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fcyse ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ta\u015f\u0131n zeytini ezmesiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bask\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda zeytinler \u00e7ekirdekleriyle birlikte hamur haline geliyor. Ard\u0131ndan hamurun i\u00e7indeki s\u0131v\u0131 ve kat\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmler kendir \u00e7uvallar kullan\u0131larak birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Kat\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn ad\u0131 prina. S\u0131v\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmse zeytinin i\u00e7indeki ya\u011f ve karasudan olu\u015fuyor. Son a\u015famada bu s\u0131v\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131m derin kaplarda bekletiliyor. Ya\u011f daha hafif oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kendili\u011finden y\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Karasuysa dipte kal\u0131yor ve buradan tahliye ediliyor. Yeri, \u015fekli, aletleri de\u011fi\u015fse de ta\u015fbask\u0131yla zeytinya\u011f\u0131 elde etmenin bu a\u015famalar\u0131 binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015f. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 de\u011fdi\u011fi her \u015feyin kokusunu i\u00e7ine ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu a\u015famalardan ge\u00e7erken keskin kokulu cisimlere de\u011fmemesine b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zen g\u00f6steriliyor. Zeytinin \u00f6zellikle birinci a\u015famada metale de\u011fmemesi gerekiyor. Ya\u011f\u0131n elde edildikten sonra toprak k\u00fcplerde (amfora veya pitoslar) bekletilmesi, yine ayn\u0131 nedenle \u00f6nemli. Ku\u015fadas\u0131 Davutlar\u2019daki Oleatrium, d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck geleneksel zeytinya\u011f\u0131 m\u00fczelerinden biri. M\u00fcze, Urla Klazomenai\u2019deki insan eme\u011fiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 2.500 y\u0131ll\u0131k sanayi tipi zeytinya\u011f\u0131 i\u015fli\u011finin bire bir kopyas\u0131yla ba\u015fl\u0131yor. M\u00fczenin galerileri binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k uygarl\u0131k tarihi i\u00e7inde bir zaman yolculu\u011funa \u00e7\u0131kmak gibi. Burada ya\u011f\u0131n el ve hayvan g\u00fcc\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnlerden taslar\u0131n elektrik g\u00fcc\u00fcyle d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bug\u00fcne kadar ta\u015fbask\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131 uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n her evresi t\u00fcm ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla sergilenmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cZeytinya\u011f\u0131 insan uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sonucu de\u011fil. Uygarl\u0131k zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sonucu. Bu \u00e7ok iddial\u0131 gelebilir. Fakat tarih boyunca zeytinya\u011f\u0131 neredeyse uygarl\u0131k orada geli\u015fmi\u015f.\u201d Davutlar\u2019daki Oleatrium\u2019un kurucular\u0131ndan G\u00fcrsel Tonbul uygarl\u0131k ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ili\u015fkisini b\u00f6yle tan\u0131ml\u0131yor. \u201cTeknolojiden ticarete, ayd\u0131nlatmadan mutfak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne kadar pek \u00e7ok yenilik zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretimiyle birlikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. \u0130nsanl\u0131k geceyi ilk kez zeytinya\u011f\u0131yla ayd\u0131nlatm\u0131\u015f.\u201d Ku\u015fkusuz zeytinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde de uygarl\u0131klar geli\u015fti, her uygarl\u0131k i\u00e7ine do\u011fdu\u011fu do\u011fan\u0131n ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve de s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131. Zeytinin oldu\u011fu yerde, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc ve yarat\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6nleriyle modern hayat\u0131n k\u00f6klendi\u011fi bir uygarl\u0131k do\u011fduysa zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fc ger\u00e7ekten de ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya de\u011fer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski d\u00f6nemlerde zeytinya\u011f\u0131 birinci s\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na halis ya\u011f denirdi ve bu ya\u011f\u0131n en k\u0131ymetli s\u0131k\u0131m\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130kinci s\u0131k\u0131m ve daha sonrakilerine s\u0131cak su uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu ya\u011flar daha ucuza sat\u0131l\u0131yordu. De\u011feri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ya\u011flar kandillerde kullan\u0131l\u0131yor veya sabun yap\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slow Olive Oil<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6lgedeki kadim zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imi Seferihisar Do\u011fa Okulu\u2019nun yakla\u015f\u0131k iki y\u0131l s\u00fcren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla mercek alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma sonucunda en lezzetli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in a\u011fac\u0131n yeti\u015fmesinden ya\u011f\u0131n \u015fi\u015felenmesine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7in kriterler belirlendi. Do\u011fay\u0131 ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda koruyan yava\u015f zeytinya\u011f\u0131 kriterleri be\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131kta toplan\u0131yor. Bunlar s\u0131ras\u0131yla a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini, zeytinli\u011fin bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve nihayetinde zeytinin hasat ve s\u0131k\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerini kaps\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSeferihisar bir zeytin il\u00e7esi. Binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r il\u00e7emiz ekonomisinin \u00f6nemli k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Fakat iki y\u0131l \u00f6nce temellerini att\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Do\u011fa Okulu\u2019nun ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 sonucunda geleneksel zeytinliklerle ilgili yepyeni \u015feyler \u00f6\u011frendik. Ege\u2019nin geleneksel zeytinlikleri yaln\u0131zca bir tar\u0131m alan\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda korunmas\u0131 gereken do\u011fal bir orman. \u00d6yle ki ya\u015f\u0131 y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7en zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z bize hem son derece \u00f6zel bir zeytinya\u011f\u0131 sunuyor hem de bir\u00e7ok canl\u0131ya ya\u015fam alan\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. \u0130lk \u00f6rne\u011fi yerel Orhanl\u0131 Ta\u015fbask\u0131 Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 olan yava\u015f zeytinya\u011f\u0131yla zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 en iyi \u015fekilde koruyaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131za inan\u0131yorum.\u201d Seferihisar Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Tun\u00e7 Soyer il\u00e7esinde \u00fcretilen yava\u015f zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seferihisar Do\u011fa Okulu\u2019nun geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi bu y\u00f6ntem, ya\u011f\u0131 basit \u015fekilde sadece asit oran\u0131na g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmak yerine, zeytin \u00e7ekirde\u011finin yere d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc andan ya\u011f\u0131n dolum a\u015famas\u0131na kadar daha karma\u015f\u0131k ama sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir yol \u00f6neriyor. B\u00f6ylelikle sadece t\u00fcketicinin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve damak tad\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda zeytin a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 ve i\u00e7indeki di\u011fer canl\u0131lar da korunmu\u015f oluyor. Orhanl\u0131 Ta\u015fbask\u0131 Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ise belirlenen kriterleri sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde \u00fcretilen ilk yerel ya\u011f. Orhanl\u0131\u2019da zeytinya\u011f\u0131 2.500 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Klazomenai\u2019de nas\u0131l \u00fcretiliyorsa \u015fimdi de neredeyse ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00fcretiliyor. Aradaki tek b\u00fcy\u00fck fark ta\u015flar\u0131n art\u0131k insan g\u00fcc\u00fc yerine elektrikle d\u00f6nmesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir zamanlar binlerce ta\u015fbask\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131 i\u015fli\u011fi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bug\u00fcn bu say\u0131 birka\u00e7 d\u00fczineyi ge\u00e7meyecek kadar azald\u0131. Onlar\u0131n yerine \u201ckontin\u00fc sistem\u201d denilen ve tamamen makinelerin h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu fabrikalar kuruldu. Kontin\u00fc sistemde ya\u011f t\u00fcm\u00fcyle metal i\u00e7inde eziliyor ve makinenin bir ucundan koyulan zeytinler di\u011fer taraftan ya\u011f olarak \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Neyse ki art\u0131k T\u00fcrkiye ve d\u00fcnyada pek \u00e7ok topluluk yerel ta\u015fbask\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn yeniden canlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7ti. \u00d6yle ki ta\u015fbask\u0131yla \u00fcretilen \u201cyava\u015f ya\u011flar\u201d ge\u00e7mi\u015fin oldu\u011fu kadar gelece\u011fin de zeytinya\u011f\u0131 olacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu Zeytin Miras\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dat\u00e7a\u2019da bir sofrada zeytinya\u011f\u0131 tam \u00f6n\u00fcme denk geldi. Dayanamad\u0131m sordum: Ya\u011f\u0131 kendiniz mi yapt\u0131n\u0131z? \u201cKendi ya\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ama \u00e7i\u011f ya\u011f bu\u201d. \u201cNas\u0131l yani, ya\u011f\u0131 pi\u015firiyor musunuz\u201d diye sorunca sofradakileri bir g\u00fclme ald\u0131. \u201cYok yok\u201d dedi Bozburun\u2019un Ta\u015fl\u0131ca K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019ndeki amca: \u201c\u00d6yle de\u011fil. Biz burada zeytinleri toplad\u0131ktan sonra f\u0131r\u0131na verirdik. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 de\u011firmeninin yan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck zeytin f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 olurdu, f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131t\u0131r, i\u00e7inde zeytini az biraz pi\u015firirdik. Sonra da onu ta\u015f de\u011firmende ezip hamur ve ya\u011f haline getirirdik. \u00c7\u0131kan ya\u011f, bildi\u011fin ya\u011flar\u0131n hi\u00e7birine benzemezdi. Biraz t\u00fcts\u00fc kokard\u0131. Fakat eski i\u015flikler y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131. Bu t\u00fcts\u00fcl\u00fc ya\u011f i\u015fi bitti. Ak\u015famlar\u0131 gelen misafirlerin \u00f6n\u00fcne bu ya\u011fla inciri koyard\u0131k. O inciri zeytinya\u011f\u0131na ban\u0131p da yiyenin tad\u0131 dama\u011f\u0131nda, lezzeti dima\u011f\u0131nda kal\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dat\u00e7a, Bozburun gibi Anadolu\u2019nun pek \u00e7ok yeri kendine has bir zeytin \u0131rk\u0131na ve ya\u011f \u00fcretim tekni\u011fine sahip. Yerel zeytin \u0131rklar\u0131 Ege\u2019de Erkence, \u015eakran, Memecik; Marmara\u2019da \u00c7elebi, \u00c7izmeli, Ejder; Akdeniz\u2019de Sar\u0131 Hasebi, Saurani, Tav\u015fan Y\u00fcre\u011fi, Karamani; G\u00fcneydo\u011fu\u2019da E\u011fri Burun, Derik Halhal\u0131, Belluti; Karadeniz\u2019de Marantelli, Hastos, Butko, Otur ve daha nicesi. Bunlar ad\u0131 konmu\u015f veya konmam\u0131\u015f zeytin \u00e7e\u015fitlerinin sadece birka\u00e7\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Irk\u0131, yeri, \u00e7e\u015fidi ne olursa olsun Anadolu halklar\u0131 zeytinlikleri ayn\u0131 zamanda mera olarak kullan\u0131yor. Ke\u00e7isini, koyununu zeytinin alt\u0131nda otlat\u0131yor. Topra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok az veya hi\u00e7 s\u00fcrm\u00fcyor. Diplerine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131llar, sekiler, teraslar kuruyor ki a\u011fa\u00e7lar e\u011fimli arazide su toplas\u0131n. Fakat Anadolu\u2019da zeytin hemen hi\u00e7 sulanm\u0131yor. Bir g\u00fcn ana oca\u011f\u0131m\u0131n tepelerinde gezerken ya\u011fmurda s\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131klam olup bir koca me\u015fenin kuytusunda yer bulmu\u015ftum. Topra\u011f\u0131n bereketle kavu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 izlerken bir amca da benim gibi me\u015fe a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n yamac\u0131na s\u0131\u011f\u0131nd\u0131. \u201cAmca ne yap\u0131yorsun bu ya\u011fmurda\u201d diye sordum. Dedi ki: \u201c\u015eu g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131 yama\u00e7ta deliceler var, yeni a\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131m tutmu\u015f mu diye bakmaya geldim. Zeytin a\u011fac\u0131 insana benzer. Ne kadar sularsan sula, ya\u011fmurun bereketi k\u00f6k\u00fcyle bulu\u015fmazsa a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 tutmaz.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6lmez A\u011fac\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 g\u0131da olman\u0131n yan\u0131nda ba\u015fka ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. \u00d6rne\u011fin ta\u015fta ezilen zeytinden \u00e7\u0131kan ilk ya\u011fa burun ya\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6z ya\u011f\u0131 veya zeytin s\u00fct\u00fc ismi veriliyor ve \u015fifa niyetine kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle bebeklere masaj yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bu saf ya\u011f\u0131n rahatlat\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi var. Bug\u00fcn Ege k\u00f6ylerinde zeytinya\u011f\u0131 halen yaralar\u0131 sa\u011faltmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u0130ltihapl\u0131 yere ya da yan\u0131klara damlat\u0131lan zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirme g\u00fcc\u00fc bulunuyor. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131m\u0131ndan sonra elde kalan prina adl\u0131 posaysa yakacak vazifesi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eskiden sporcular\u0131n kaslar\u0131n\u0131 yumu\u015fatmak i\u00e7in s\u00fcr\u00fclen zeytinya\u011f\u0131, halen g\u00fcre\u015fte kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Antik d\u00f6nemde beden temizli\u011fi de zeytinya\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131rm\u0131\u015f. Re\u00e7etesi hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmeyen geleneksel sabunun olmazsa olmaz malzemeleri k\u00fcl suyu ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131. Ya\u015fam\u0131n her alan\u0131nda dola\u015fan zeytinya\u011f\u0131, karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Kandillerin temel yak\u0131t\u0131 olmu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBana sorarsan\u0131z zeytinin ya\u011f\u0131ndan bahsederken tam ne konu\u015ftu\u011fumuzun fark\u0131nda de\u011filiz. Dilimizdeki bir umman ama biz onu yudum san\u0131yoruz.\u201d Bir kahvede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u0130zmirli Sait Dede, zeytinya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yor ve ekliyor: \u201cBu Anadolu var ya bu Anadolu, ne zaman ki zeytinya\u011f\u0131na s\u0131rt\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fc, \u00e7i\u00e7ek ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131, m\u0131s\u0131r ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yemeye mahk\u00fbm b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131, i\u015fte o vakit kurudu. E\u011fer ki bug\u00fcn \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netenler k\u00f6kleriyle bar\u0131\u015fmak isterse o vakit i\u015fe zeytinya\u011f\u0131ndan ba\u015flas\u0131nlar. Artvin\u2019deki, Mersin\u2019deki, \u0130zmir, Mardin ve \u00c7anakkale\u2019deki t\u00fcm eski ya\u011fhaneleri bulup onars\u0131nlar. Yaralar\u0131n\u0131 sars\u0131nlar. K\u00f6klerimizden geriye bir zeytinlikler kald\u0131, yaln\u0131zca onlar \u00f6lmedi, bilsinler. Fakat Anadolu kad\u0131n\u0131 o adamlara benzemez. Zeytinin k\u0131ymetini iyi bilir. Soma\u2019da a\u011fa\u00e7lara kendini siper eden o insanlar var ya… \u0130\u015fte Anadolu\u2019yu koruyacak olan bir tek onlar.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zeytin, \u00f6lmez a\u011fac\u0131. Zeytinya\u011f\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz iksir. Onlar\u0131n hik\u00e2yesi on iki bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce Bereketli Hilal\u2019de ba\u015flad\u0131. U\u011framad\u0131klar\u0131 diyar, el vermedikleri insan kalmad\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcms\u00fcz hik\u00e2ye bug\u00fcn de h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam ediyor. Hakikat\u00e7ileri ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bin y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fam\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131\u2026 Deliyken a\u015f\u0131lanan, sofraya ta\u015f\u0131nan zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131, ak\u0131ls\u0131zl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na direniyor. Magma, zeytinin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne az bilinen \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc, s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Masallardaki gibi iyi bitsin\u2026<\/p>\n

Yolumu Akdeniz\u2019in bir yamac\u0131na ve hi\u00e7 yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir zaman\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Bir hakikat\u00e7iyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131m. Yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na gidip yamac\u0131na oturmak i\u00e7in destur istedim. Beni b\u00fct\u00fcn yapraklar\u0131yla kucaklad\u0131. Sonra g\u00f6vdesine yasland\u0131m. \u201cSor\u201d dedi. \u201cSana s\u00f6yleyeceklerim var.\u201d \u201cGidenler neden gider?\u201d dedim. Dedi: \u201cGeri d\u00f6nebilmek i\u00e7in.\u201d \u201cSen, \u00f6lmez a\u011fac\u0131, nas\u0131l oluyor da \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczs\u00fcn?\u201d Dedi: \u201cKendimden gitti\u011fim i\u00e7in. Damla damla, zerre zerre akt\u0131\u011f\u0131m i\u00e7in. Kendim de\u011fil belki ama hik\u00e2yem \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczd\u00fcr\u201d.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1627,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makale"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali.jpg",2560,1707,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-1536x1024.jpg",1536,1024,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-2048x1366.jpg",2048,1366,true],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali.jpg",18,12,false],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-600x750.jpg",600,750,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-900x600.jpg",900,600,true],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/sevilma.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/zeytin_masali-100x100.jpg",100,100,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"erdem","author_link":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/author\/erdem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Bin y\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fam\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131\u2026 Deliyken a\u015f\u0131lanan, sofraya ta\u015f\u0131nan zeytin ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131, ak\u0131ls\u0131zl\u0131k \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na direniyor. Magma, zeytinin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften bug\u00fcne az bilinen \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc, s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Masallardaki gibi iyi bitsin\u2026 Yolumu Akdeniz\u2019in bir yamac\u0131na ve hi\u00e7 yaz\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir zaman\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Bir hakikat\u00e7iyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131m. Yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na gidip yamac\u0131na oturmak i\u00e7in destur istedim. Beni b\u00fct\u00fcn yapraklar\u0131yla kucaklad\u0131. Sonra g\u00f6vdesine yasland\u0131m.…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1627"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sevilma.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}